1. A person is considered a resident's "spouse" only if that person is married to the resident.

2. If a resident has no higher ranked substitute decision makers, but one child is older than the other, the eldest child will be the substitute decision maker.

3. Ontario's Health Care Consent Act includes principles that substitute decision makers are to follow when making treatment decisions for someone else.

4. A substitute decision maker needs to be capable, willing, and available in order to make decisions for a resident.

5. A health care provider can ask the Consent and Capacity Board to review a substitute decision maker's consent decision.

6. A resident's substitute decision maker can decide whether or not the resident is capable of making treatment decisions.

7. The Public Guardian and Trustee can make treatment decisions for a resident who has nobody else to act as their substitute decision maker only if prior arrangements have been made by the resident.

8. If a resident has two equally ranked substitute decision makers, and one provides consent to treatment but the other refuses, the health care provider proposing treatment must wait for them to agree.

9. When equally ranked substitute decision makers disagree, the healthcare provider can go to the Public Guardian and Trustee for consent.

10. A substitute decision maker can ask the Consent and Capacity Board for permission to depart from a resident's known wish.