1. When equally ranked substitute decision makers disagree, the healthcare provider can go to the Public Guardian and Trustee for consent.

2. Ontario's Health Care Consent Act includes principles that substitute decision makers are to follow when making treatment decisions for someone else.

3. A health care provider can ask the Consent and Capacity Board to review a substitute decision maker's consent decision.

4. A substitute decision maker can consent on a resident’s behalf, even if the resident is capable.

5. When making a treatment decision for a resident, a substitute decision maker must consider a resident's wishes before considering the resident's best interests.

6. Someone named in a Power of Attorney for Personal Care can appoint another person to make decisions for the resident.

7. The Public Guardian and Trustee can make treatment decisions for a resident who has nobody else to act as their substitute decision maker only if prior arrangements have been made by the resident.

8. Even if a resident is capable, informed consent for treatment must also be obtained from the person named in the resident's Power of Attorney for Personal Care document.

9. If a resident has two equally ranked substitute decision makers, and one provides consent to treatment but the other refuses, the health care provider proposing treatment must wait for them to agree.

10. If a resident never shared any wishes, a substitute decision maker can substitute their own wishes.